Puppy Small Dog
Why Aren't All Small Dog Breeds Recognized By The AKC?
To the average person who loves dogs, the rules and regulations of some national dog registry associations like the American Kennel Club (AKC) can seem unusual, to say the least. Whilst you would expect a puppy registered by the AKC to be a healthy, high quality purebred, this is not necessarily the reality. You can only be certain of getting a puppy with a recognized pedigree. The health of the puppy's genetic line, and the integrity of the breeder's establishment, are not monitored by them. This can come as a shock to a lot of dog lovers who would naturally assume that a prominent dog association like the AKC would provide such basic regulatory care. And it shows why some breed clubs, such as those for the Australian kelpie dog breed, have decided not to implement the requirements for AKC registration. This makes them ineligible for recognition by the AKC as a separate breed, and these dogs may not compete in the various AKC run dog shows. It does, however, protect the breed's health.
The American Kennel Club in effect wanted to restrict the natural and healthy genetic variability of breeds like the Australian kelpie. Dogs in American Kennel Club recognized breeds, and with an AKC issued pedigree, have been bred for show, according to quite limiting characteristics. The result has been that a lot of these dogs can no longer do a lot of the things their ancestors once did, such as hunt. It has also resulted in a lot of genetic health problems, the consequence of too much inbreeding to keep the lines 'pure'. Dogs are mated back to their parents and grandparents, simply because it creates dogs that help win dog shows. On their website, the University of Wisconsin write:
"First, the AKC defines quality in a dog primarily on the basis of appearance, paying scant heed to such other canine characteristics as health, temperament, and habits of work. Over the years this policy has led to destructive forms of inbreeding that have created dogs capable only of conforming to human standards of beauty. Many can no longer perform their traditional tasks--herding, tracking, hunting--while more than a few cannot live outside a human-controlled environment." (Source)
Of course, this may not be the only reason why a breed isn't listed by the American Kennel Club. Many are considered a size variation of a larger breed rather than a separate breed. This is the case with dogs like the small German spitz and the toy Manchester terrier.
Ultimately, unless you want a show dog, registration by the American Kennel Club is not as important as finding a good quality dog from a breeder who breeds with the health of the dogs in mind, as well as to preserve the dog's natural abilities. Breeders who breed primarily for show are more likely to follow breeding practices that don't support a dog's wellbeing. And it could result in dogs that have personalities that might prove difficult to live with. Whilst this might not be true across the board, for all breeders, in the long term, too much inbreeding can only result in long term problems for a breed.
Puppy and small dog playgroup Maltese shows her stuff
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